Preparation and properties of nanoporous ferroelectric ceramics (Pb0.9Ba0.1) (Zr0.9Ti0.1)O3

The results of the study of the properties of porous ferroelectric ceramics based on lead zirconate with the addition of 10 mol.% barium titanate with an average particle size of 50 nm have been presented in comparison with dense ceramics of the same composition. To obtain the porous ceramics, multiwalled carbon nanotubes were added to the batch in an amount of 2 wt.%. During the sintering process the tubes burned forming pores. Using a number of physical methods, it was found that the synthesis of ceramics based on lead zirconate with the addition of barium titanate nanoparticles leads to the formation of a rhombohedral polar phase. The small particle size of barium titanate accelerates diffusion processes and promotes the formation of thermodynamically equilibrium single-phase solid solutions. The porous ceramics exhibit highly effective spontaneous polarization.