Improvement of the thermoregulator of the quantum frequency standard on rubidium-87 atoms

The necessity of increasing the metrological characteristics of the quantum frequency standard on rubidium-87 atoms is substantiated. It is noted that the main destabilizing factor that reduces the accuracy of frequency determination is temperature. To control it, the quantum standard uses thermostating and thermoregulation. It is established that the systems currently used for laser and optical components cannot provide the necessary temperature stability, which is required to improve the metrological characteristics of the quantum standard. A new circuit of a quantum frequency standard temperature controller with a rubidium gas cell using a PID controller and an instrument amplifier has been developed, and its operation in the LTspice environment has been simulated. Transient processes in the circuit of the thermostat are analyzed. A decrease in the influence of temperature on the optical components and characteristics of the laser in the quantum frequency standard has been established (the signal–to-noise ratio in the recorded optical signal has increased), which, in turn, improves the short-term stability of the QFS frequency by 7-10%, synchronization of time scales in the satellite navigation system, increases the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the object.