2304-9782, 2618-8686, 2405-7223 18 4 2025 1-223

RAR RUS 9-20 0000-0001-8973-3187 Alferov University Shugurov Konstantin 0000-0002-8661-4083 Alferov University Mozharov Alexey mozharov@spbau.ru

St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

0000-0002-3640-677X Ioffe Institute Kaveev Andrey kaveev@mail.ioffe.ru

St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

0000-0001-5547-9387 Alferov University Fedorov Vladimir fedorov_vv@spbstu.ru Memristor effect in heterostructures based on gallium nitride nanowires on silicon In this work, experimental and theoretical studies of diode heterostructures based on GaN nanowires synthesized on silicon have been carried out. Current-voltage measurements showed the typical backward diode behavior in the range from –3 to +3 V and the appearance of a hysteresis loop at greater biases. It was shown for the first time that the effect of bipolar resistive switching could be observed in such structures. The ability of the corresponding memristor cells to remain their state for a long time (not less than 65 hrs) under normal conditions, as well as to bear long read cycles without loss of information were demonstrated. 10.18721/JPM.18401 537.9 memristor effect resistive switching gallium nitride nanowires silicon https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.1/ 01_9-20_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 21-33 0009-0000-7669-4705 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Khlyupin Ivan hlyupin.iv@yandex.ru 0009-0009-2088-3932 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Meshkov Vadim meshkovadim@yandex.ru Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Sokolova Daria kirpich_da@spbstu.ru 0000-0003-0474-3242 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Burkovski Roman roman.burkovsky@gmail.com Development of an elastic model for the epitaxial thin film of lead zirconate considering interfacial micro-twists The aim of this work was to develop a model to describe some microscopic phenomena in the epitaxial thin films based on lead zirconate PbZrO3. The model takes into account the epitaxial contact of the film with the substrate and conditions for mechanical compatibility of the domains. It includes contributions from pseudopolarization, elastic and domain-domain interactions as well as a contribution analogous to electrostriction in ferroelectric materials. The parameter optimization has been performed through free energy minimization with varying the magnitudes of elastic displacements and the pseudopolarization vectors. The results obtained qualitatively reproduced a part of the experimental observations on the domain matching in the thin films, to be exact, the change in microscopic twisting in the domain wall regions when removing the epitaxial structure away from the substrate. 10.18721/JPM.18402 538.913 antiferroelectrics epitaxial thin films pseudopolarization free energy gradient descent method https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.2/ 02_21-33_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 34-47 0000-0003-2088-7158 St. Petersburg State University Dubrovskii Vladimir

St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

0000-0002-2158-9489 Submicron Heterostructures for Microelectronics Research and Engineering Center of the RAS Leshchenko Egor leshchenko.spb@gmail.com

St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

The length distribution of nanowires with forward and backward surface diffusion The length distributions of III – V nanowires growing by direct impingement and surface diffusion of adatoms are of fundamental and instrumentation interest. Here, we study kinetic rate equations for the length distribution of nanowires with forward and backward surface diffusion along their growing axes, where the average nanowire length either increases infinitely with time or saturates to a constant. We have obtained the exact solution to the discrete rate equations in the form of a modified Polya distribution, investigated its continuum approximation and analyzed the available experimental data on the length distributions of different III – V nanowires. The obtained results can be used to model various growth systems with size-linear forward and backward rate constants. 10.18721/JPM.18403 538.9 nanowires III–V semiconductors length distribution rate equations modeling https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.3/

RAR RUS 48-60 0000-0002-2411-506X LIRA, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Sorbonne Université, CNRS Zakharov Vladimir vladimir.zakharov@obspm.fr

5 Place Jules Janssen, Meudon, 92195, France

0000-0002-8123-6298 Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics Rodionov Alexander avrodionov@rambler.ru

37 Mir Ave., Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region, 607188, Russia

0009-0000-3375-9126 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Tomilin Ilya tomilin.is@edu.spbstu.ru 0000-0003-0041-9971 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Bykov Nikolay nbykov2006@yandex.ru The near-nucleus atmosphere of comet 67P/Churyumov – Gerasimenko at the moment of its rendezvous with the Rosetta space probe The multicomponent atmosphere of a comet with a complex-shaped nucleus has been simulated. The geometry and integral parameters of the gas productivity of the nucleus correspond to the conditions of comet 67P/Churyumov – Gerasimenko at the moment of its rendezvous with the Rosetta probe. The simulation was performed using both gas-dynamic methods, which involve numerical solution of the Euler/Navier – Stokes equations, and the kinetic approach based on the solution of the Boltzmann equation. The flow structure in the vicinity to the nucleus was analyzed, the applicability of gas-dynamic methods for prediction of a rarefied atmosphere was assessed, and the importance of considering translational-rotational nonequilibrium for interpreting observational data was analyzed. 10.18721/JPM.18404 523.64 near-nucleus atmosphere of comet comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko rarefied flow numerical simulation https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.4/ 04_48-60_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 61-74 0009-0004-6895-6436 Pacific National University Zaytsev Alexander alzaytsev@togudv.ru 0000-0003-3771-3541 Pacific National University Zaytsev Sergey zaytsevsa@togudv.ru 0009-0007-7192-9166 Pacific National University Zaytseva Darya 2012002939@togudv.ru 0009-0000-2294-7113 Pacific National University Kramar Elena 000286@togudv.ru Application of parabolic wave packets to solving the evolution problem of a hydrogen atom exposed to long laser pulses The article studies the features of application of the parabolic wave packets (PWP) (we proposed) to the solution of the Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation (TDSE) for a hydrogen atom exposed to a long laser pulse. Within the framework of the Time-Dependent Variational Principle, the TDSE is transformed into a system of first-order differential equations with respect to the PWP parameters. The efficiency of the proposed scheme has been studied using an exactly solvable example of pulses of arbitrary (including complex) amplitude and duration. The case of ultraviolet radiation was also considered, for which our calculations were compared with the results obtained by other authors. Possible reasons for the observed discrepancy between the results of applying our approach and those obtained by standard methods were listed. 10.18721/JPM.18405 539.1, 539.18 parabolic wave packets time-dependent Schrödinger equation time-dependent variational principle hydrogen atom https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.5/ 05_61-74_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 75-100 0000-0003-0985-5964 Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of the RAS Berdnikov Alexander asberd@yandex.ru 0000-0002-6162-9481 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Krasnova Nadezhda n.k.krasnova@mail.ru 0000-0002-0873-8849 Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences Masyukevich Sergey Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, RAS Podolskaya Ekaterina ek.podolskaya@gmail.com 0000-0003-3514-8577 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Solovyev Konstantin k-solovyev@mail.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Analytical quadrature formulae for electric fields of the RF straight-axis ion funnels of a general type The article presents analytical quadrature expressions for electric field potentials that correspond to radio-frequency straight-axis ion funnels of a general type, specifically, the funnels with a curved channel profile, with multipole diaphragms, and with unequally spaced electrodes. When determining electric fields, the distribution of electric potential over the axis of the device was taken as a basis. The resulting formulae would be appropriate for use in quick, high-quality simulating of radio-frequency devices designed for isolation, conveying and focusing ions, as well as in solving some problems of mathematical physics. 10.18721/JPM.18406 537.534.7, 543.51 analytical solutions of the Laplace equation analytical electric fields electron-optical systems with periodic electrodes ion guides radio-frequency ion funnels https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.6/ 06_75-100_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 101-113 0009-0006-5255-5894 V. I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Lisovitsky Artem lisovitckii.as@poi.dvo.ru 0000-0001-5103-8138 V. I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Chupin Vladimir chupin@poi.dvo.ru 0000-0003-2621-0594 Far Eastern Federal University Moskovchenko Larisa moskovchenko.lg@dvfu.ru Application of fractal methods for analyzing the microdeformation data of the Earth's crust The study examines variations in microdeformations of the Earth's crust using fractal and multifractal analysis methods. The main focus is on identifying patterns in the changes of fractal dimension and singularity power indices of data obtained with laser deformographs during periods preceding earthquakes. It was found that the fractal dimension increases prior to seismic events, especially for data from the laser deformograph located on a rocky base. The analysis demonstrated a decrease in amplitude and singularity power indices during active periods. The results confirm the potential of applying fractal methods for monitoring microdeformations of the Earth's crust and predicting earthquakes. 10.18721/JPM.18407 550.343 microdeformation of the Earth's crust self-organized criticality fractal analysis laser strainmeter https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.7/ 07_101-113_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 114-126 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Karaulov Danila karaulov.da@edu.spbstu.ru

St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Vinnichenko Maxim mvin@spbstu.ru Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Shalygin Vadim shalygin@rphf.spbstu.ru J-6066-2013 35403302800 0000-0003-3947-4994 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Firsov Dmitry firsov.da@spbstu.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

The effect of heating and drift of electrons in an electric field on the absorption and refraction of terahertz radiation in electronic indium antimonide The calculation of the refractive index (RI) and absorption coefficient (AC) spectra has been performed for terahertz radiation (λ = 70 – 500 μm) in electronic indium antimonide n-InSb placed in an electric field of up to 200 V/cm. It was done on the basis of solving the Fresnel equation and the Boltzmann kinetic one. The Fermi – Dirac distribution shifted in velocity space was used as a nonequilibrium stationary electron distribution function over states. Changes in optical characteristics obtained in an electric field were shown to be due to the heating and drift of free electrons. Anisotropy of the electron distribution function over states in the momentum space, arising in the electric field, involved the anisotropy of RI and AC. These changes differed for radiation polarized parallel and perpendicular to the field direction. This effect can be used for high-speed modulation of terahertz radiation because it is clearly pronounced. 10.18721/JPM.18408 538.958 distribution function anisotropy electron heating electron drift radiation absorption radiation refraction polarization of radiation InSb https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.8/ 08_114-126_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 127-138 0009-0000-5779-9966 Ioffe Institute of RAS Semenov Sergey Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Sudar Nikolai sudar53@mail.ru 0000-0002-8499-8650 Ioffe Institute of RAS Pakhotin Vladimir v.pakhotin@mail.ioffe.ru Distribution of the electric field in a polymer film under a short-term action of a high-voltage pulse Calculations of the electric field distribution in the electrode system in the form of a spherical concentric capacitor simulating a micro-tip on the cathode were performed under the action of a high-voltage pulse with a front steepness of about 1 GV/s and electron injection from the micro-tip. The penetration depth of the negative space charge (NSC) into the polymer was shown to be 0.2–0.3 μm during a 150–250 ns pulse front edge. Electrical overvoltages caused by the geometry of the electrode system and the accumulating NSC occurred in the NSC accumulation region at the pulse front edge. The field strength at the cathode decreased multiple times during the transition from the pulse front to its plateau in 100–200 ns. 10.18721/JPM.18409 53.043 high voltage pulse space charge field strength redistribution of the electric field https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.9/ 09_127-138_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 139-150 0009-0004-7198-6329 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Nguyen Van Tu Ahn anh.spbpu@gmail.com 0000-0002-2519-2577 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Gabdullin Pavel gabdullin_pg@spbstu.ru 0000-0002-3321-7797 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Arkhipov Alexander arkhipov@rphf.spbstu.ru Modification of morphology of thin nickel and zirconium films on naturally oxidized silicon substrates by annealing in vacuum The article presents a technique for fabricating nickel island films on oxidized silicon substrates by thermal dewetting of continuous coatings. First, continuous nickel films 5 nm thick were deposited by magnetron sputtering. Then, without exposure to the atmosphere, the coatings were annealed in a vacuum at 450°C for 15–180 min. As a result, the formation of isolated metal islands was on the substrate with transverse dimensions from units to tens of nanometers, depending on the annealing time. The electrical and thermoelectrical characteristics of the produced island films were determined. Attempts to prepare zirconium island films using the same technique were unsuccessful as the technically available annealing temperature of 650°C proved insufficient for dewetting of coatings made of this material. 10.18721/JPM.18410 539.216.2 thin film island film nanoparticle film dewetting Ni Zr thermoelectrical coefficient https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.10/ 10_139-150_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 151-166 0000-0003-0549-0961 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Gulyaev Sergey Gulyaev@rphf.spbstu.ru 0000-0002-2933-2135 Ioffe Institute of RAS Ganzherli Nina nina.holo@mail.ioffe.ru Ilyushina Darina ilyushina.da@edu.spbstu.ru 0000-0001-9385-4221 Ioffe Institute of RAS Maurer Irina maureririna@yandex.ru Formation features of holographic structures recorded in a counter-directional optical scheme on the photoemulsion exposed to short-wave UV radiation The article presents an experimental proof that it is possible to implement relief-phase recording of holographic information using an optical registration scheme in counter-propagating beams. Previously, this was done only for positive photoresists having a sensitivity three orders of magnitude lower than that of silver-halide photographic emulsion with other advantages. It has been experimentally shown that the key operations of photochemical processing of silver halide photographic emulsions are short-wavelength UV irradiation of photographic plates with a mercury lamp (λ < 250 nm) and their subsequent short-term (10 s) etching in glacial acetic acid. The mechanisms of surface relief formation in different ranges of recorded spatial frequencies were analyzed, and significant positive differences in the properties of relief-phase structures on silver halide photographic emulsions were shown compared to their counterparts recorded on photoresist. 10.18721/JPM.18411 535.412; 532-3 counter-directional scheme diffraction efficiency silver halide photoemulsion holographic grating surface relief https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.11/ 11_151-166_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 167-176 0000-0003-1394-2681 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Nikitina Elizaveta E-4237-2014 12784708700 0000-0001-9050-4453 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Kapralova Victoria kapralova2006@yandex.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Sudar Nikolai sudar53@mail.ru 0009-0004-2167-0019 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Gerasimov Victor 0000-0003-0377-8929 Karshi State University Utaev Sobir utaev.s@list.ru

17 Kuchabog St., Karshi, 180103, Uzbekistan

Influence of fullerenol dopant on light absorption by polyvinyl alcohol-based composite films The study of the effect of fullerenol (С60(ОН)44) dopant of different concentrations on the optical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films has been presented. The addition of even a small concentration of fullerenol was found to lead to significant light absorption in the UV spectral range. As the concentration of fullerenol increased from 1 to 10 wt.%, the light transmission edge of the PVA : С60(ОН)44 composite films shifted from 230 to 440 nm. The dependences of the extinction coefficient (EC) on the fullerenol concentration in the films were calculated for several wavelengths; these curves decreased with С60(ОН)44 concentration increasing from 1 to 3 wt.%, but then EC values stopped decreasing. The light absorption in the studied samples was shown to cause by the fullerenol molecules’ excitation during indirect HOMO → LUMO transitions. The Eg value estimated from their spectra, was 2.2±0.3 eV and depended little on the fullerenol concentration. 10.18721/JPM.18412 564.163.2 polyvinyl alcohol fullerenol extinction coefficient optical spectrum energy gap https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.12/ 12_167-176_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 177-189 0000-0003-0309-5917 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Berdnikov Yaroslav berdnikov@spbstu.ru 0000-0003-3298-3702 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Ivanishchev Dmitry ivanishchev_da@pnpi.nrcki.ru 0000-0002-3395-0454 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Kotov Dmitry dmitriy.kotov@gmail.com 0009-0001-9974-0169 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Malaev Mikhail mmalayev@gmail.com Feasibility to measure the properties of identified charged hadrons in collisions of xenon nuclei with a fixed tungsten target at an energy of 2.5A GeV in the MPD detector at the NICA collider We report results on a feasibility study of measuring the properties of identified charged light hadrons (π± and K± mesons as well as protons) in collisions of Xe nuclei with a fixed tungsten target at an energy of 2.5A GeV using the MPD detector at the NICA collider. The evaluations of the purity of the reconstructed spectrum in the MPD detector, reconstruction efficiency of the spectra in the MPD detector and the transverse momentum spectra for the π±, K± mesons and protons were made. The evaluations were obtained depending on the transverse momentum for different intervals of centrality of Xe + W collisions in the central rapidity range using model calculations. We used an approach based on σ-parameterization of particle identification information in the MPD detector. 10.18721/JPM.18413 539.126.3, 539.125.4, 539.125.46 nuclei collision production hadron NICA collider MPD detector https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.13/ 13_177-189_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 190-205 0000-0002-9196-8038 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Erovenko Zoya Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Markvart Aleksandr markvart_aa@spbstu.ru 0000-0001-5216-6588 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Petrov Aleksandr petrov.av1@spbstu.ru 0000-0003-3891-1339 St. Petersburg State University Bisyarin Mikhail m.bisyarin@spbu.ru 0000-0001-5988-1429 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Liokumovich Leonid leonid@spbstu.ru Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Ushakov Nikolai n.ushakoff@spbstu.ru Nondestructive testing of optical fibers using the optical coherence tomography Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a widely used imaging technique in biomedical research and non-destructive testing. It provides high spatial resolution, but for some applications, such as non-destructive testing, a further improvement in resolution is required. The paper presents an approach to processing OCT signals that can significantly improve the longitudinal spatial resolution. This approach is based on the root-MUSIC spectral estimation algorithm, which parameters, ensuring the accurate determination of reflector coordinates within the sample were found. Experimental verification of the method was conducted by measuring the geometric parameters of multimode and single-mode optical fibers, demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach. 10.18721/JPM.18414 681.785.57 optical fiber sensor optical coherence tomography root-MUSIC superresolution; parametric spectral estimation https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.14/ 14_190-205_18(4)2025.pdf

RAR RUS 206-220 0009-0009-2008-7266 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Zavalishina Liubov Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Markvart Aleksandr markvart_aa@spbstu.ru Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Zaripov Artur artur-zaripov-2001@list.ru 0000-0003-3891-1339 St. Petersburg State University Bisyarin Mikhail m.bisyarin@spbu.ru 0000-0001-5988-1429 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Liokumovich Leonid leonid@spbstu.ru Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Ushakov Nikolai n.ushakoff@spbstu.ru The response of an intermodal fiber-optic interferometer with SMSMS structure in case of spectral interrogation to changes in the refractive index of the external environment The operation of an intermode fiber-optic interferometer with “Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode" (SMSMS) structure during its spectral interrogation in the C-wavelength range has been studied. The refractive index n of the external environment can be measured using this device by providing the interference between fundamental and cladding modes in this structure. The theoretical expressions for calculating the spectral characteristic (SC) of the interferometer were presented, the structures’ modes were obtained, the behavior of the SC interference components related to the pairwise interference between the fundamental and cladding modes of a single-mode fiber when n changing was analyzed. The methodological errors of n measuring the external environment were estimated. The minimum error in n determining was 1.7∙10–4 in the n range from 1.32 to 1.36, which corresponds to a 0.13% change in the range of glycerol concentration from 0 to 25% in the water solution. 10.18721/JPM.18415 535.3, 535-15, 535.417 intermode fiber optic interferometer SMSMS refractive index sensor discrete Fourier transform https://physmath.spbstu.ru/article/2025.84.15/ 15_206-220_18(4)2025.pdf