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<article article-type="meeting-report" dtd-version="1.3" xml:lang="en">
  <front xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Journal: Physics and Mathematics</journal-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Научно-технические ведомости СПбГПУ. Физико-математические науки</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2304-9782, 2618-8686, 2405-7223</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">58</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18721/JPM.183.258</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Development of a method for increasing the stability of a group frequency standard</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Разработка метода повышения стабильности группового стандарта частоты</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shavshin</surname>
            <given-names>Artyom</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>shavshin2107@gmail.com</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dmitriev</surname>
            <given-names>Roman</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>Rusher.official@gmail.com</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Davydov</surname>
            <given-names>Vadim</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>davydov_vadim66@mail.ru</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Boldarev</surname>
            <given-names>Dmitriy</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>boldarev2001@inbox.ru</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Klimenko</surname>
            <given-names>Daria</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>dasha.klimenko.01@inbox.ru</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-8401-0181</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Popov</surname>
            <given-names>Alexander</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>alexander_popov_work@mail.ru</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Valov</surname>
            <given-names>Anton</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>tony.valov2015@yandex.ru</email>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-19">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>18</volume>
      <issue>3.2</issue>
      <fpage>289</fpage>
      <lpage>295</lpage>
      <self-uri xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://physmath.spbstu.ru/userfiles/files/articles/2025/3.2/58_289-295_18(3_2)2025.pdf"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The paper presents a method for increasing the stability of group frequency standards, the effectiveness of which has been confirmed in the course of mathematical modeling of transient processes in a system consisting of two rubidium and two cesium atomic clocks, upgraded with an automatic gain control (AGC) system. The dynamics of mutual influence between individual frequency standards are described using a system of stochastic differential equations based on Langevin equations. Numerical simulations demonstrate that properly selected AGC parameters and coupling coefficients significantly reduce group signal dispersion and ensure high system stability. The results show a 30–40% improvement in frequency stability compared to conventional single-standard configurations, making this approach particularly valuable for satellite navigation systems and telecommunication networks.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>atomic frequency standard</kwd>
        <kwd>group frequency standard</kwd>
        <kwd>automatic gain control</kwd>
        <kwd>Langevin equations</kwd>
        <kwd>stochastic differential equations</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
