The paper summarized the results of the 18th All-Russian Youth Conference on Semiconductor and Nanostructure Physics, and Semiconductor Opto- and Nanoelectronics that took place  at  St.Petersburg on November 28 – December 2, 2016. The reports presented in the 6 sections of the conference have been reviewed analytically.  The participants whose reports were awarded certificates and money prizes by the Conference Program Committee have been mentioned. The list of reports recommended to take part in the “UMNIK” contest is presented in the nomination “Scientific results which have significant novelty and the prospect of commercialization” and shall be further funded by the Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises in Science and Technology.